Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective strategy for preventing HIV infection in individuals at risk.
Introduction to PrEP
PrEP involves taking HIV treatment medication before sexual exposure to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV. These medications are also known as Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy [HAART]. When taken consistently, PrEP can significantly lower the chances of HIV transmission, making it an essential tool in HIV prevention. The most commonly prescribed PrEP medications are Truvada and Descovy, which contain antiretroviral drugs that prevent the virus from establishing a permanent infection in the body.
How PrEP Works
PrEP works by providing the body with HIV-fighting medication before the potential for exposure to the HIV virus. This preemptive defence reduces the likelihood of HIV taking hold in the immune system if someone is exposed through sexual contact, injection drug use, or other high-risk behaviours.
Who Should Consider PrEP?
PrEP is recommended for individuals who are at risk of HIV infection. This includes people who:
- Have a sexual partner living with HIV (especially if the partner’s viral load is not suppressed and people in serodiscordant relationships)
- Engage in unprotected sex with partners of unknown HIV status, especially among our LGBTQ friends
- Have multiple or new sexual partners and inconsistent condom use.
- Inject drugs or share needles or other drug-related equipment.
- Engage in sex work or have a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which may increase the risk of HIV transmission.
Effectiveness of PrEP
PrEP is highly effective at preventing HIV when taken consistently. Studies have shown daily PrEP reduces the risk of contracting HIV through sex by up to 99%.
How to Start PrEP
- Consultation: We will assess your risk factors for HIV and discuss whether PrEP is a suitable option for you.
- Baseline Tests: Before starting PrEP, you will need an HIV test to confirm you are HIV-negative, as well as some baseline tests and screening for other STIs.
- Prescription: Once prescribed, you’ll need to take the medication consistently and follow up with us every 3 or so months for monitoring and HIV testing.
How to Take PrEP
- Daily Dose: PrEP is most effective when taken as a daily pill, regardless of recent sexual activity or potential exposure to HIV.
- On-Demand PrEP (2-1-1 dosing): taking 2 pills 2-24 hours before sex, 1 pill 24 hours after the first dose, and another pill 24 hours later) can be an option for intermittent risk. However, this approach is not recommended for everyone and should be discussed with us.
- There are other ways to take PrEP as well. This should be discussed with us.
Monitoring and Follow-Up for PrEP
To ensure safety and effectiveness, individuals on PrEP need regular follow-up appointments and lab tests:
- HIV Testing: Routine HIV testing is required every 3 months to ensure that individuals remain HIV-negative while on PrEP.
- Kidney Function: PrEP can impact kidney function, especially in long-term use. Regular blood tests to monitor kidney health (creatinine levels) are recommended.
- STI Screening: Regular STI screening is essential, as PrEP does not protect against other sexually transmitted infections.
Side effects of PrEP
Most people tolerate PrEP well, but some may experience mild side effects, including:
- Nausea: Typically mild and resolves within a few weeks.
- Headache or Fatigue: Temporary and generally resolves on its own.
- Kidney Function Changes: Rare but can occur, especially with long-term use of Truvada.
- Bone Mineral Density Changes: A small decrease in bone density can occur but usually stabilises over time.
Most side effects are mild and subside as the body adjusts to the medication. If any severe side effects occur, it’s important to discuss them with us.
Empower Yourself
PrEP is a powerful tool in the fight against HIV. If you believe you are at risk for HIV, PrEP could be a suitable prevention option for you. Our clinic provides comprehensive consultations and ongoing support for individuals on PrEP.
For more information or to schedule a consultation, you can call in at 6735 8180, Whatsapp us at 8223 0609, email us at info@freia.sg, or book a consultation online at https://freia.sg/appointments/